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sensory substitution
Sensory substitution means a transformation of the characteristics of one sensory modality into stimuli of another sensory modality. It is hoped that sensory substitution systems can help people by restoring their ability to perceive certain defective sensory modality by using sensory information from a functioning sensory modality. A sensory substitution system consists of three parts: a sensor, a coupling system, and a stimulator. The sensor records stimuli and gives them to a coupling system which interprets these signals and transmits them to a stimulator. In case the sensor obtains signals of a kind not originally available to the bearer it is a case of sensory augmentation. Sensory substitution concerns human perception and the plasticity of the human brain; and therefore, allows us to study these aspects of neuroscience more through neuroimaging.
==History==
The idea of sensory substitution was introduced in the '60s by Paul Bach-y-Rita as a means of using one sensory modality, mainly taction, to gain environmental information to be used by another sensory modality, mainly vision.〔Bach-y-Rita P, Collins CC, Saunders F, White B, Scadden L.(1969). "Vision substitution by tactile image projection.". ''Nature'', 221:963–964.〕 The first sensory substitution system was developed by Bach-y-Rita et al. as a means of brain plasticity in congenitally blind individuals.〔Bach-y-Rita P. (2004). "Tactile sensory substitution studies.". ''Annals of New York Academy of Sciences'', 1013:83–91.〕 After this historic invention, sensory substitution has been the basis of many studies investigating perceptive and cognitive neuroscience. Since then, sensory substitution has contributed to the study of brain function, human cognition and rehabilitation.〔Renier L, De Volder AG. (2005). "Cognitive and brain mechanisms in sensory substitution of vision: a contribution to the study of human perception.". ''Journal of Integrative Neuroscience'', 4 (4):489–503.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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